The Day of Atonement in ancient Israel “was the most solemn day of the year. . . .On this day all the sins of the preceding year were finally disposed of in the ceremony of cleansing the sanctuary (Lev. 16). All who did not afflict their souls on that day were cut off from Israel (ch. 23:29). The Day of Atonement was to the Jews a day of judgment. . . .The Day of Atonement services represented cleansing from sin.” 8 BC (S.D.A. Bible Dictionary), p. 93. 1960 ed.